大圆柱磷酸铁锂电池凭借其在安全性、成本、容量、性能、制造效率、灵活性及循环寿命等方面的优势，被认为在储能领域，尤其是户储和工商业储能领域具有较大的发展空间。不过，就目前来看，国内锂电企业大圆柱磷酸铁锂电池产品仍处于开发与验证阶段，并逐渐向批量生产与交付阶段发展，业界普遍认为，2024年有望成为国内大圆柱磷酸铁锂电池规模上量的元年。

　　电池中国获悉，日前，力华电源科技25GWh大圆柱储能电池项目正式开工，总投资100亿元，将新上全自动储能电池生产线，专注生产“46直径系列”大圆柱电池。据悉，该项目已全面突破核心技术并完成样品批量制备，具备快速产业化、规模化、抢占高端市场的技术基础和扩张能力，并在电池低温性能、能量密度、热失控管理方面有所突破。

　　虽然该项目的具体投产时间尚未可知，但释放出的明确信号是，国内大圆柱磷酸铁锂储能电池的规模化量产进程正在提速，“万事俱备，只欠东风”。

　　实际上，目前包括亿纬锂能、鹏辉能源、海辰储能、中比新能源、时代联合、航天锂电、时代华景等电池企业已陆续推出适用于储能市场的磷酸铁锂大圆柱电池。已有企业收到客户订单或已开启全球交付。

大圆柱磷酸铁锂储能电池在户储、工商业储能领域发展空间大

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　　数据显示，2022年，全球户储新增装机大规模增长，增速达60.29%，2023年仍延续快速增长态势，同比增长85%。其中，欧洲、美国、澳大利亚和日本是全球最主要的户储市场，2023年户储增速分别为42%、172%、31%、12%。

　　有机构预测，欧洲户用储能渗透率有望从2022年的18%提升至2025年的56%，美国户用储能渗透率有望从2022年的21%提升至2025年的36%，到2025年，全球户储市场规模将超过60GWh。

　　工商业储能方面，2023年，全球工商业新型储能新增装机增速达115%，中国工商业储能新增装机增速达到105%。据预测，2024年，中国工商业新型储能装机规模将在2GW左右，同比增长翻倍;美国工商业新型储能新增装机规模将超过0.8GW，同比增长接近2倍;中美以外的市场工商业新型储能新增装机规模将超过0.6GW，同比增长将超50%。

　　户储的电池技术路线以磷酸铁锂为主，伴随系统容量从3kWh-5kWh向5kWh-20kWh迭代，对电池单体容量、能量密度、成本、安全性、循环寿命等要求逐步提高，而大圆柱电池得益于无极耳技术、制造工艺和材料体系的优化，优势凸显，将在户储市场加速渗透。

　　安全性方面，大圆柱电池采用的磷酸铁锂材料本身具备较高的安全性，同时采用高强度钢壳设计，受极组膨胀影响变形小、抗冲击、可靠性更高。同时，钢壳电池可更好地“圈”住卷芯，在制程及使用过程中漏液概率更低，进而更好地保证电池的安全性。此外，无极耳技术的应用，能有效缩短电子电流在电池中的移动距离，有利于充电速度的大幅提升。

　　能量密度及成本方面，伴随大圆柱电池尺寸的增大，电池不贡献能量密度的结构件等重量或体积占比会减小，从而可使电池的能量密度得以提升。同时，单体电池尺寸和容量提升后，整体电池包的空间利用率和成组效率相应提升，进而使得Pack的能量密度得以提升以及成本下降。

　　灵活性方面，由于户储市场对电池容量及便携的需求不同，大圆柱电池包的内部排布具有灵活组配性，能更好地满足户储市场对电池灵活串并联的需求。

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国内锂电企业密集布局大圆柱电池

　　大圆柱磷酸铁锂电池技术应用于户储市场的优势在全球范围内被广泛认可，目前国内已有多家主流电池企业规划或布局适用于储能市场的磷酸铁锂大圆柱电池，并且正积极推动大圆柱电池的研发和量产。

　　亿纬锂能针对户储市场推出了40135系列大圆柱磷酸铁锂电池，据悉，该电芯容量20000mAh，循环次数超4000次。去年9月，亿纬锂能表示，公司第一条大圆柱产线在2022年年底建成，2023年上半年，第100万颗电池完成下线。

　　鹏辉能源针对储能市场，同样推出了自主研发的40135型号无极耳大圆柱磷酸铁锂电池，已收到客户订单，适用于便携储能、户用储能等多领域。

　　海辰储能作为市场上较早布局大圆柱电池的玩家，在2022年8月发布了46800-46300系列电池，单体容量从10Ah到50Ah不等，可灵活适配多种户用储能应用场景定制化需求。据悉，2022年其大圆柱户用储能专用电池产线就已投产，并在2023年开启全球交付。

　　其他企业方面，中比新能源主要为32140型;时代联合则专注于60mm系列，目前已将第五代“60系列”大圆柱磷酸铁锂电池推向市场;时代华景推出中型全极耳圆柱32150的13Ah、14Ah、15Ah的磷酸铁锂电芯已在时代华景一期1GWh高速产线投入生产。

　　电池中国认为，大圆柱电池适用于储能市场优势明显，其在2024年将加速渗透户用储能、工商业储能、便携式储能等细分场景，出货量将进一步提高。

Large cylindrical lithium iron phosphate batteries, with their advantages in safety, cost, capacity, performance, manufacturing efficiency, flexibility, and cycle life, are considered to have great development space in the field of energy storage, especially in household and industrial energy storage. However, currently, domestic lithium battery companies are still in the development and verification stage of large cylindrical lithium iron phosphate batteries, and are gradually moving towards mass production and delivery. The industry generally believes that 2024 is expected to become the first year of large-scale production of large cylindrical lithium iron phosphate batteries in China.
Accelerated "penetration" energy storage in large cylindrical lithium iron phosphate batteries
Battery China has learned that Lihua Power Technology's 25GWh large cylindrical energy storage battery project has officially started with a total investment of 10 billion yuan. It will launch a new fully automatic energy storage battery production line, focusing on producing the "46 diameter series" large cylindrical batteries. It is reported that the project has comprehensively broken through core technologies and completed batch preparation of samples, with a technological foundation and expansion ability for rapid industrialization, scaling up, and seizing high-end markets. It has also made breakthroughs in battery low-temperature performance, energy density, and thermal runaway management.
Although the specific production time of the project is not yet known, the clear signal released is that the large-scale production process of large cylindrical lithium iron phosphate energy storage batteries in China is accelerating, and "everything is ready, only the east wind is needed".
In fact, battery companies including Yiwei Lithium Energy, Penghui Energy, Haichen Energy Storage, Zhongbi New Energy, Times United, Aerospace Lithium Battery, and Times Huajing have successively launched lithium iron phosphate large cylindrical batteries suitable for the energy storage market. Enterprises have received customer orders or have started global delivery.
Large cylindrical lithium iron phosphate energy storage batteries have great development space in household and industrial energy storage fields
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Data shows that in 2022, the global household storage capacity increased significantly, with a growth rate of 60.29%. However, in 2023, it continued to grow rapidly, with a year-on-year increase of 85%. Among them, Europe, the United States, Australia, and Japan are the world's main household storage markets, with household storage growth rates of 42%, 172%, 31%, and 12% in 2023, respectively.
Some institutions predict that the penetration rate of household energy storage in Europe is expected to increase from 18% in 2022 to 56% in 2025, and the penetration rate of household energy storage in the United States is expected to increase from 21% in 2022 to 36% in 2025. By 2025, the global household energy storage market size will exceed 60GWh.
In terms of industrial and commercial energy storage, in 2023, the global growth rate of new industrial and commercial energy storage installations reached 115%, while the growth rate of new industrial and commercial energy storage installations in China reached 105%. It is predicted that in 2024, the installed capacity of new energy storage in China's industrial and commercial sector will be around 2GW, doubling year-on-year growth; The newly installed capacity of new energy storage in the US industrial and commercial sector will exceed 0.8GW, with a year-on-year growth of nearly twice; The new installed capacity of industrial and commercial energy storage in markets outside of China and the United States will exceed 0.6GW, with a year-on-year growth of over 50%.
The battery technology route for household storage is mainly based on lithium iron phosphate. With the iteration of system capacity from 3kWh to 5kWh-20kWh, the requirements for individual battery capacity, energy density, cost, safety, and cycle life are gradually increasing. The large cylindrical battery benefits from the optimization of non-polar ear technology, manufacturing technology, and material system, highlighting its advantages and will accelerate its penetration in the household storage market.
In terms of safety, the lithium iron phosphate material used in the large cylindrical battery itself has high safety. At the same time, it adopts a high-strength steel shell design, which is less affected by the expansion of the pole group, has less deformation, is resistant to impact, and has higher reliability. At the same time, steel shell batteries can better "encircle" the coil core, reduce the probability of liquid leakage during the process and use, and thus better ensure the safety of the battery. In addition, the application of infinite ear technology can effectively shorten the distance of electronic current movement in the battery, which is conducive to a significant increase in charging speed.
In terms of energy density and cost, as the size of large cylindrical batteries increases, the weight or volume proportion of structural components that do not contribute to energy density will decrease, which can improve the energy density of the battery. Meanwhile, with the increase in the size and capacity of individual batteries, the overall space utilization and grouping efficiency of the battery pack are correspondingly improved, resulting in an increase in the energy density of the pack and a decrease in cost.
In terms of flexibility, due to the different demands for battery capacity and portability in the household storage market, the internal layout of large cylindrical battery packs has flexible assembly, which can better meet the demand for flexible series and parallel connection of batteries in the household storage market.
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Domestic lithium battery companies intensively layout large cylindrical batteries
The advantages of using large cylindrical lithium iron phosphate battery technology in the household storage market are widely recognized worldwide. Currently, many mainstream battery companies in China have planned or laid out large cylindrical lithium iron phosphate batteries suitable for the energy storage market, and are actively promoting the research and mass production of large cylindrical batteries.
Yiwei Lithium Energy has launched the 40135 series of large cylindrical lithium iron phosphate batteries for the household storage market. It is reported that the battery cell has a capacity of 20000mAh and has over 4000 cycles. Last September, Yiwei Lithium announced that its first large cylindrical production line would be completed by the end of 2022, and in the first half of 2023, the millionth battery was completed and taken offline.
Penghui Energy has also launched its independently developed model 40135 infinite ear cylindrical lithium iron phosphate battery for the energy storage market. It has received customer orders and is suitable for portable energy storage, household energy storage, and other fields.
As an early player in the market to lay out large cylindrical batteries, Haichen Energy Storage released the 46800-46300 series batteries in August 2022, with individual capacities ranging from 10Ah to 50Ah, which can flexibly adapt to customized needs in various household energy storage application scenarios. It is reported that its large cylindrical household energy storage dedicated battery production line has been put into operation since 2022, and global delivery will begin in 2023.
In terms of other enterprises, Zhongbi New Energy is mainly 32140 type; Time Union focuses on the 60mm series and has currently launched the fifth generation "60 series" large cylindrical lithium iron phosphate batteries to the market; Times Huajing has launched medium-sized all pole ear cylindrical 32150 13Ah, 14Ah, and 15Ah lithium iron phosphate batteries, which have been put into production on the first phase 1GWh high-speed production line of Times Huajing.
Battery China believes that large cylindrical batteries have obvious advantages in the energy storage market. In 2024, they will accelerate their penetration into segmented scenarios such as household energy storage, industrial and commercial energy storage, and portable energy storage, and their shipment volume will further increase.